Título:	Expanding the knowledge about Leishmania species in wild mammals and dogs in the Brazilian savannah
Autor(es):	Cardoso, Rebecca Martins Araújo, Nadjar Nitz Silva Lociks de Romero, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro Minuzzi Dietrich, Ana Gabriela Mendes, Júnio Donizette Reis, Marcelo Lima Ferreira, Jônatas Barbosa Cavalcante Hecht, Mariana Machado Gonçalves, Rodrigo Gurgel
Assunto:	Leishmania Mamífero Leishmaniose - Brasil Leishmaniose - diagnóstico
Data de publicação:	21-Mar-2015
Editora:	BioMed Central
Referência:	CARDOSO, Rebecca Martins et al. Expanding the knowledge about Leishmania species in wild mammals and dogs in the Brazilian savannah. Parasites & Vectors, v. 8, Article 171, 21 mar. 2015. Dosponível em: <https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-015-0780-y>. Acesso em: 14 jun. 2017. doi: https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-015-0780-y.
Abstract:	Background: Wild, synanthropic and domestic mammals act as hosts and/or reservoirs of several Leishmania spp. Studies on possible reservoirs of Leishmania in different areas are fundamental to understand host-parasite interactions and develop strategies for the surveillance and control of leishmaniasis. In the present study, we evaluated the Leishmania spp. occurrence in mammals in two conservation units and their surroundings in Brasília, Federal District (FD), Brazil. Methods: Small mammals were captured in Brasília National Park (BNP) and Contagem Biological Reserve (CBR) and dogs were sampled in residential areas in their vicinity. Skin and blood samples were evaluated by PCR using different molecular markers (D7 24Sα rRNA and rDNA ITS1). Leishmania species were identified by sequencing of PCR products. Dog blood samples were subjected to the rapid immunochromatographic test (DPP) for detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies. Results: 179 wild mammals were studied and 20.1% had Leishmania DNA successfully detected in at least one sample. Six mammal species were considered infected: Clyomys laticeps, Necromys lasiurus, Nectomys rattus, Rhipidomys macrurus, Didelphis albiventris and Gracilinanus agilis. No significant difference, comparing the proportion of individuals with Leishmania spp., was observed between the sampled areas and wild mammal species. Most of the positive samples were collected from the rodent N. lasiurus, infected by L. amazonensis or L. braziliensis. Moreover, infections by Trypanosoma spp. were detected in N. lasiurus and G. agilis. All 19 dog samples were positive by DPP; however, only three (15.8%) were confirmed by PCR assays. DNA sequences of ITS1 dog amplicons showed 100% identity with L. infantum sequence. Conclusions: The results suggest the participation of six species of wild mammals in the enzootic transmission of Leishmania spp. in FD. This is the first report of L. amazonensis in N. lasiurus.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Medicina (FMD)
Licença:	© 2015 Cardoso et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
DOI:	https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-0780-y
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