Título:	The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna
Autor(es):	Machado, Tâmara Dias Oliveira Souza, Thaís Tâmara Castro Minuzzi Ferreira, Tauana de Sousa Freire, Luciana Pereira Timbó, Renata Velôzo Vital, Tamires Emanuele Araújo, Nadjar Nitz Silva Lociks de Silva, Mariana Neiva Santos Júnior, Alcinei de Souza Sales, Nathyla Morgana Cunha Obara, Marcos Takashi Andrade, Andrey José de Gonçalves, Rodrigo Gurgel
Assunto:	Matas ripárias Savanas - Brasil
Data de publicação:	Out-2017
Editora:	Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde
Referência:	MACHADO, Tâmara Dias Oliveira et al. The role of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations: potential Leishmania spp. vectors in the Brazilian savanna. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, v. 112, n. 10, p. 681-691, out. 2017. Disponível em: <http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762017001000681&lng=en&nrm=iso>. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2018. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170126.
Abstract:	Background: knowledge on synanthropic phlebotomines and their natural infection by Leishmania is necessary for the identification of potential areas for leishmaniasis occurrence. Objective: to analyse the occurrence of Phlebotominae in gallery forests and household units (HUs) in the city of Palmas and to determine the rate of natural infection by trypanosomatids. Methods: gallery forests and adjacent household areas were sampled on July (dry season) and November (rainy season) in 2014. The total sampling effort was 960 HP light traps and eight Shannon traps. Trypanosomatids were detected in Phlebotominae females through the amplification of the SSU rDNA region, and the positive samples were used in ITS1-PCR. Trypanosomatid species were identified using sequencing. Findings: a total of 1,527 sand flies representing 30 species were captured in which 949 (28 spp.) and 578 (22 spp.) were registered in July and November, respectively. In July, more specimens were captured in the gallery forests than in the HUs, and Nyssomyia whitmani was particularly frequent. In November, most of the specimens were found in the HUs, and again, Ny. whitmani was the predominant species. Lutzomyia longipalpis was commonly found in domestic areas, while Bichromomyia flaviscutellata was most frequent in gallery forests. Molecular analysis of 154 pools of females (752 specimens) identified Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Crithidia fasciculata in Ny. whitmani, as well as L. amazonensis in Lu. longipalpis, Trypanosoma sp. and L. amazonensis in Pintomyia christenseni, and L. amazonensis in both Psathyromyia hermanlenti and Evandromyia walkeri. Main conclusions: these results show the importance of gallery forests in maintaining Phlebotominae populations in the dry month, as well as their frequent occurrence in household units in the rainy month. This is the first study to identify Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Crithidia species in Phlebotominae collected in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Medicina (FMD)
Licença:	Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0). Fonte: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762017001000681&lng=en&nrm=iso. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2018.
DOI:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760170126
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