Título:	In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity
Autor(es):	Mazzari, Andre Luis Dias Araujo Lacerda, Mariella Guimarães Milton, Flora Aparecida Machado, João Augusto Mulin Montechiari Sinoti, Simone Batista Pires Toullec, Anne-Soulene Rodrigues, Patricia Marquez Neves, Francisco de Assis Rocha Simeoni, Luiz Alberto Silveira, Dâmaris Prieto, Jose Maria
E-mail do autor:	mailto:chico@unb.br mailto:lsimeoni@unb.br mailto:damaris@unb.br mailto:j.m.prietogarcia@ljmu.ac.uk
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401- 290X
Assunto:	Fitoterapia Farmacocinética Toxicologia
Data de publicação:	5-Out-2022
Editora:	Frontiers
Referência:	MAZZARI, Andre Luis Dias Araujo et. al. In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022. DOI 10.3389/fphar.2022.826395. Disponível em: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.826395/full. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2022.
Abstract:	Many medicinal plants species from European -such as Artemisia absinthium, Equisetum arvense, Lamium album, Malva sylvestris, Morus nigra, Passiflora incarnata, Frangula purshiana, and Salix alba- as well as Latin American traditions -such as Libidibia ferrea, Bidens pilosa, Casearia sylvestris, Costus spicatus, Monteverdia ilicifolia, Persea americana, Schinus terebinthifolia, Solidago chilensis, Syzygium cumini, Handroanthus impetiginosus, and Vernonanthura phosphorica- are shortlisted by the Brazilian National Health System for future clinical use. However, they lack many data on their action upon some key ADME targets. In this study, we assess non-toxic concentrations (up to100 μg/ml) of their infusions for in vitro ability to modulate CYP3A4 mRNA gene expression and intracellular glutathione levels in HepG2 cells, as well as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in vincristine-resistant Caco-2 cells (Caco-2 VCR). We further investigated the activation of human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) in transiently co-transfected HeLa cells and the inhibition of Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in HepG2 cells. Our results demonstrate L. ferrea, C. sylvestris, M. ilicifolia, P. americana, S. terebinthifolia, S. cumini, V. phosphorica, E. arvense, P. incarnata, F. purshiana, and S. alba can significantly increase CYP3A4 mRNA gene expression in HepG2 cells. Only F. purshiana shown to do so likely via hPXR activation. P-gp activity was affected by L. ferrea, F. purshiana, S. terebinthifolia, and S. cumini. Total intracellular glutathione levels were significantly depleted by exposure to all extracts except S. alba and S. cumini This was accompanied by a lower GGT activity in the case of C. spicatus, P. americana, S. alba, and S. terebinthifolia, whilst L. ferrea, P. incarnata and F. purshiana increased it. Surprisingly, S. cumini aqueous extract drastically decreased GGT activity (−48%, p < 0.01). In conclusion, this preclinical study shows that the administration of some of these herbal medicines causes in vitro disturbances to key drug metabolism mechanisms. We recommend active pharmacovigilance for Libidibia ferrea (Mart.) L. P. Queiroz, Frangula purshiana Cooper, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, and Salix alba L. which were able to alter all targets in our preclinical study.
Licença:	Copyright © 2022 Mazzari, Lacerda, Milton, Mulin Montechiari Machado, Sinoti, Toullec, Rodrigues, Neves, Simeoni, Silveira and Prieto. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Fonte: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.826395/full. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2022.
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.826395
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