Título:	Effect of citric acid on the properties of sapwood of Pinus sylvestris submitted to thermomechanical treatment
Autor(es):	Crisóstomo, Matheus Couto Del Menezzi, Cláudio Henrique Soares Militz, Holger Kurkowiak, Katarzyna Mayer, Aaron Carvalho, Luísa Martins, Jorge
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3369-2392 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7083-9491 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-1366 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-9771
Afiliação do autor:	University of Brasília, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forest Engineering University of Brasília, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forest Engineering University of Goettingen, Wood Biology and Wood Products University of Goettingen, Wood Biology and Wood Products University of Goettingen, Wood Biology and Wood Products Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Department of Wood Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Department of Wood Engineering
Assunto:	Ácido cítrico Madeira Tratamento termomecânico
Data de publicação:	9-Set-2023
Editora:	MDPI
Referência:	CRISOSTOMO, Matheus et al. Effect of citric acid on the properties of sapwood of Pinus sylvestris submitted to thermomechanical treatment. Forests, v.14, n. 9, 1839, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091839. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/9/1839. Acesso em: 26 jan. 2024.
Abstract:	The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of citric acid on the properties of solid pine wood, which were submitted to thermomechanical treatment. A preliminary test was performed in a previous study to evaluate the influence of different temperatures of pressing and concentrations of citric acid on the physical properties of wood. After choosing the best treatments (170 ◦C and 5% and 10% of citric acid), the effect of these on the chemical properties (SEM, FTIR and pH); on the density profile using an X-ray microtomography and on the resistance to aging through an abrasion test were evaluated. The result of the chemical analysis showed an increase of the presence of ester functional groups, as well as better coverage and higher acidity of the surface. The density profile technique allowed us to observe the formation of peaks of density on the surface where the acid was applied. Lastly, it was also possible to verify an increase in the resistance to abrasions because of the application of citric acid.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Tecnologia (FT) Departamento de Engenharia Florestal (FT EFL)
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais
Licença:	Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091839
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